TPS 서비스를 위한 QoS 제어 체계 (61 pages)

QoS Control Scheme for TPS (Triple Play Service)

By Netmanias (tech@netmanias.com)

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Netmanias 기술문서: TPS 서비스를위한QoS 제어체계

2006년2월18일
NMC Consulting Group(tech@netmanias.com)

2
Content
.Why QoS ?
.How QoS ?
.QoS 관련표준화동향분석
.ITU-T FG NGN
.IETF
.PacketCable Multimedia (PCMM)
.3GPP
.Wibro (WiMax NWG)
.Case Study: KT, SBC

3
TPS/BcN Service
.BcN/TPS Service = QoS 보장형서비스
.Why QoS ?
.응용의속성: Not TCP Data, 실시간응용서비스, Loss/Jitter에민감
TPS/BcNService = QoS 보장= Network Resource 할당= 과금
1
2
3
4
Packet Loss : 0.003 %
Packet Loss : 0.02 %
Packet Loss : 0.05 %
Packet Loss : 0.08 %
Source: Video Quality Test Report, Netmanias 2004.

4
ITU-T Recommendation Y.1540
itut

5
Current Internet: A Single FIFO Queue
IP Network
Internet Flows
BE
1107378_L1
1107378_L1
1107378_L1
1107378_L1
1107378_L1
1107378_L1
BE
BE
BE
IP Network
Internet Flows
BE
1107378_L1
1107378_L1
1107378_L1
1107378_L1
BE
BE
BE
products_webvp
products_webvp
BcN
Service
Flow
Delay Histogram
Delay Histogram
#NAME?
#NAME?
Delay Histogram
Delay Histogram
#NAME?
#NAME?
Delay Histogram
#NAME?

6
Multiple Queues
IP Network
Internet Flows
BE
1107378_L1
1107378_L1
1107378_L1
1107378_L1
BE
BE
BE
products_webvp
products_webvp
BcN
Service
Flow
IP Network
Internet Flows
1107378_L1
1107378_L1
1107378_L1
1107378_L1
products_webvp
products_webvp
BcN
Service
Flow
#NAME?
Ideally No Loss
Delay Histogram
#NAME?
#NAME?
#NAME?
#NAME?
Delay Histogram
Low Jitter and Delay
High Priority
Low Priority

7
IETF DiffServ
IP Network
Internet Flows
1107378_L1
1107378_L1
1107378_L1
1107378_L1
products_webvp
products_webvp
BcN
Service
Flow
MF
Classifier
-> TC
Sched.
EF
AF 1
BE
DataPacket
BA
Classifier
Sched.
EF
AF 1
BE
1107378_L1
1107378_L1
BA
Classifier
EF
AF 1
BE
classifier
products_webvp
products_webvp
BcN
Service
Flow
Sched.
DiffServ Edge
DiffServ Core

8
Multi-Field Packet Classification at DiffServ Edge
L2(Link Layer)
L3(Network Layer)
L4(Transport Layer)
TCP/UDP Header내의Port Number 값을통해패킷의응용(Application)을구별할수있음
RARP0x8035ARP0x0806IPX0x8138IPv40x08000x8100VLAN TagPPPoE0x8863/64ICMP1IGMP2TCP6UDP17RSVP46RTP5004SNMP161, 162IP0x06IPX0xE0IS-IS0xFE0xAAIEEE SNAPEType0x8847MPLS UnicastProtocol IDDPTCPFTP20, 21HTTP80TELNET23DPUDPDSAPEType/Length > 1535YNEthernet II(DIX2.0)IEEE SAP or SNAPIEEE SNAPOSPF89RTCP5005RTSP554SIP5060

9
products_webvp
products_webvp
Static QoS Policy
MFPC Rule: Static Policy Configuration
Mark HIGH
UDP
.QoS 보장= Network Resource 할당= 과금
.BcNService Flow: SLA 보장불가
MF
Classifier
-> TC
Sched.
EF
AF 1
BE
Data
Packet
BA
Classifier
Sched.
EF
AF 1
BE
1107378_L1
1107378_L1
BA
Classifier
EF
AF 1
BE
products_webvp
BcN ServiceFlow (UDP VoIP)
Sched.
DSCP = 5: High
Or
UDP: High
MF
Classifier
-> TC
Sched.
EF
AF 1
BE
BA
Classifier
Sched.
EF
AF 1
BE
1107378_L1
BA
Classifier
EF
AF 1
BE
Sched.
DSCP = 5: High
Or
UDP: High
1107378_L1
Abusive QoS Usage
1107378_L1
1107378_L1
products_webvp
BcN
Service
Flow
(UDP VoIP)

10
따라서Policy Push Dynamic Policy Provisioning이필요
products_webvp
Mark HIGH
UDP
MF
Classifier
-> TC
Sched.
EF
AF 1
BE
BA
Classifier
Sched.
EF
AF 1
BE
1107378_L1
BA
Classifier
EF
AF 1
BE
Sched.
1107378_L1
1107378_L1
1107378_L1
products_webvp
BcN
Service
Flow
(UDP VoIP)
Policy (5-Tuple: QoS Parameters)
PDF
DS Edge (PEP)
Dynamic Per-session Policy
BB 필요

11
IntServ (RSVP)
…
Per-flow State
Clas.
Sched.
flow 1
flow 2
flow n
Admission
Controller
RSVPDaemon
Routing
Protocol
Process
RSVP-PATH
RSVP-PATH
Data
Packet
…
Per-flow State
Clas.
Sched.
flow 1
flow 2
flow n
Admission
Controller
RSVP
Process
Routing
Protocol
Process
1107378_L1
1107378_L1
RSVP-PATH
…
Per-flow State
Clas.
Sched.
flow 1
flow 2
flow n
Admission
Controller
RSVP
Process
Routing
Protocol
Process
RSVP-RESV
RSVP-RESV
Data
Packet
1107378_L1
1107378_L1
RSVP-RESV
…
Per-flow State
Clas.
Sched.
flow 1
flow 2
flow n
Admission
Controller
RSVP
Process
Routing
Protocol
Process
RSVP PATH
RSVP RESV
…
Per-flow State
Clas.
Sched.
flow 1
flow 2
flow n
Admission
Controller
RSVP
Process
Routing
Protocol
Process
…
Per-flow State
Clas.
Sched.
flow 1
flow 2
flow n
Admission
Controller
RSVP
Process
Routing
Protocol
Process
RSVP: Resource Reservation, Admission Control
RSVP-PATH
RSVP-RESV

12
IntServ
RSVP
RSVP
Data
Packet
1107378_L1
1107378_L1
RSVP
…
Per-flow State
Clas.
Sched.
flow 1
flow 2
flow n
Admission
Controller
RSVP
Process
Routing
Protocol
Process
…
Per-flow State
Clas.
Sched.
flow 1
flow 2
flow n
Admission
Controller
RSVP
Process
Routing
Protocol
Process
…
Per-flow State
Clas.
Sched.
flow 1
flow 2
flow n
Admission
Controller
RSVP
Process
Routing
Protocol
Process
Stateful Solution Complexity
.Data path
.Per-flow classification
.Per-flow buffer management
.Per-flow scheduling
.Control path
.install and maintain per-flow state for data and control paths

13
Problem
IP Network
RSVP PATH
RSVP RESV
IP Network
TCP, P2P
1107378_L1
1107378_L1
1107378_L1
1107378_L1
IP Network
1107378_L1
1107378_L1
1107378_L1
1107378_L1
RSVP PATH
RSVP PATH
RSVP PATH
QoS 보장= Network Resource 할당= 과금
Denial of Service
products_webvp
products_webvp
IP Network
RSVP PATH
RSVP RESV
products_webvp
products_webvp
IP Network
TPS Service Flow

14
따라서Policy Pull Dynamic Policy Provisioning이필요
…
Per-flow State
Clas.
Sched.
flow 1
flow 2
flow n
Admission
Controller
RSVP
Daemon
RoutingProtocolProcess
RSVP-PATH
RSVP-PATH
Data
Packet
…
Per-flow State
Clas.
Sched.
flow 1
flow 2
flow n
Admission
Controller
RSVP
Process
Routing
Protocol
Process
1107378_L1
1107378_L1
RSVP-PATH
…
Per-flow State
Clas.
Sched.
flow 1
flow 2
flow n
Admission
Controller
RSVP
Process
Routing
Protocol
Process
RSVP PATH
RSVP-PATH
Edge (PEP)
PDP
Policy
Dynamic Per-session Policy
PEP

15
.Why QoS ?
.How QoS ?
.QoS 관련표준화동향분석
.ITU-T FG NGN
.IETF
.PacketCable Multimedia (PCMM)
.3GPP
.Wibro (Wimax)
.Conclusion

16
QoS 관련표준화동향
Wireline (DiffServ)
Wireline (RSVP)
HFC
WiBro
3GPP
Wireline (DiffServ)
Wireline (RSVP)
HFC
WiBro
3GPP
Access Network
IP Core Network
Access Network
QoS Signaling (O)
QoS Signaling (X)
QoS Signaling (O)
QoS Signaling (X)
Wireline (RSVP): IETF RFC (Policy Pull)
Wireline (DiffServ): ITU-T FG NGN (Policy Push (/Policy Pull))
HFC: PacketCable 1.5 DQoS (policy Pull) Telephony-only
HFC: PacketCable Multimedia (Policy Push /(Policy Pull)
WiBro(WiMax): NGW (Network Working Group)
Wireless: 3GPP (Policy Pull)

17
ITU-T FG NGN의Policy 기반QoS 제공구조(1)
.ITU-T NGN Draft TR-123.qos Rev.6A QOS CONTROL ARCHITECTURE FOR ETHERNET-BASED IP ACCESS NETWORK

18
WG
Area
Leader(s)
Contact

WG 1
SR (Service Requirements) Group
Marco Carugi
Nortel Networks S.A.,France
Brent Hirschman
Sprint Corporation, USA

WG 2
FAM (Functional Architecture Mobility) Group
Keith Knightson
Industry Canada
Thomas Towle
Lucent Technologies, USA
Naotaka Morita
NTTCorporation, Japan

WG 3
QoS Group
Hui-Lan Lu
Bell Labs/Lucent Technologies
Keith Mainwaring
Cisco Systems, Sweden
Hyungsoo (Hans) Kim
KT, Korea

WG 4
CSC (Control and Signaling Capability) Group
Rainer Muench
Alcatel SEL AG, Germany
Cagatay Buyukkoc
ZTECorporation, USA
Wei Feng
Huawei Technologies Co. Ltd, P.R. China

WG 5
SeC (Security Capability) Group
Igor Faynberg
Bell Laboratories, Lucent Technologies, USA

WG 6
Evo (Evolution) Group
Ghassem Koleyni
Nortel Networks, Canada
Dongyang Fan
Siemens Communication Networks Ltd. , P.R. China

WG7
FPBN (Future Packet-based Bearer Network) Group
Lintao Jiang
MII of China
David Meyer
Cisco Systems, USA
Keith Dickerson
BT, UK

Chae-sub Lee
Chairman
Korea Telecom, Korea

Dick Knight
Vice-Chairman
BT, UK

Ronald Ryan
Vice-Chairman
Nortel Networks, USA

ITU-T FG NGN: Management Team

19
Current status of WG 3(QoS) of FG-NGN : WG 3 work plan (2005.5)
1
A QoS control architecture for Ethernet-based IP access networks (TR-123.qos)
FGNGN-OD-00106
(Approved)
Mar’05
A

2
Multi Service Provider NNI for IP QoS (TR-msnniqos)
FGNGN-OD-00107
3Q05
D

3
General aspects of QoS and network performance in NGN  (TR-NGN.QoS)
FGNGN-OD-00129
3Q05
D

4
Network performance of non-homogeneous networks in NGN  (TR-NGN.NHNperf.).
FGNGN-OD-00130
3Q05
D

5
Requirements and framework for end-to-end QoS in NGN (TR-e2eqos.1)
FGNGN-OD-00127
4Q05
D

6
A QoS architecture for Ethernet networks (TR-enet)
FGNGN-OD-00131
4Q05
D

7
Resource and admission control function (TR-racf)
FGNGN-OD-00128
3Q05
D

8
A QoS Framework for IP-based access networks (TR-ipaqos)
FGNGN-OD-00113
4Q05
D

9
Performance measurement and management for NGN (TR-pmm)
FGNGN-OD-00126
3Q05
D

10
Algorithms for Achieving End to End Performance Objectives (TR-apo)
FGNGN-OD-00135
4Q05
D

RI: Release Independent
Current status of WG 3(QoS) of FG-NGN: WG 3 work plan (2005.5)
#
Title
Current Draft
Target Date
Status

20
Key control mechanisms for support dynamic and per-session QoS control [TR-123.qos: FGNGN-OD-00106, 2005.3]
1. Network topology and resource status collection
2. Service request with specific QoS requirements
3. Admission control and resource allocation
4. Configuration control with specific QoS parameters
5. Service flow identification, classification and marking
6. Packet forwarding on the basis of marked value
TRCF
AF
TCRF, PDF
TCRF, PDF
PEF
INF
A-RACF (BB)의동작만기술하고있으며Authorization에대한언급은없음

21
ITU-T NGN Draft TR-123.qos Rev.6A QOS CONTROL ARCHITECTURE FOR ETHERNET-BASED IP ACCESS NETWORK
Ex. BRAS
Ex. DSLAM
A-RACF
AF
IMNF
IMNF
Gq’
Re
Re
Rc
Reference
ANF
ENF
CPE
External Network
Service Control Plane
Transport Resource Control Plane
Transport Data Plane

22
ITU-T NGN Draft TR-123.qos Rev.6A QOS CONTROL ARCHITECTURE FOR ETHERNET-BASED IP ACCESS NETWORK
BRAS
DSLAM
A-RACF
AF
1. Service Request
(e.g. SIP INVITE)
2. Resource Request
(IP address of customer terminal, flow description, BW demand and priority)
3. Admission Control and Resource Allocation. A-RACF는NTRD를참조하여flow의경로상에그flow 가요구하는network resource 가남아있는지체크하고남아있으면AF로Response (Admitted)를전달하고NTRD에해당경로의Available Resource량을갱싞한다.
4. Resource Response (Admitted or Denied)
5. QoS Parameter Configuration (Flow description, BW, 802.1p priority)
5. QoS Parameter Configuration (Flow description, BW, 802.1p priority)
VoIP, MMoIP
VoD
6. Flow identification, classification, marking and forwarding
IMNF
IMNF
ANF은flow description에따라Flow를식별해내고flow의BW를limit (policing or shaping)하고flow packets에marking한후priority에따라packet을포워딩한다.
Unidentified packets은항상BE로re-marking하여망으로유입시킨다.
IMNF는단지Priority에따라packet을포워딩한다.
Gq’
Re
Re
Rc
Resource Allocation Procedure
ANF
ENF
CPE
External Network
Service Control Plane
Transport Resource Control Plane
Transport Data Plane

23
Service Control Plane
Transport Resource Control Plane
Transport Data Plane
ITU-T NGN Draft TR-123.qos Rev.6A QOS CONTROL ARCHITECTURE FOR ETHERNET-BASED IP ACCESS NETWORK
BRAS
DSLAM
A-RACF
AF
1. Service Release Request
2. Resource Release Request
(IP address of customer terminal, flow description)
The resource occupied by the flow is marked as idle in network topology and resource database, and an acknowledgement is sent to AF.
3. Resource Release
4. Removal QoS Parameter Configuration (Flow description)
4. QoS Parameter Configuration (Flow description)
VoIP, MMoIP
VoD
IMNF
IMNF
The flow is regarded as best-effort traffic.
Gq’
Re
Re
Rc
Resource Release Procedure
External Network
ANF
ENF
CPE

24
Document
Data
Title

RFC 3521
Apr. 2003
Framework for Session Set-up with Media Authorization

RFC 3520
Apr. 2003
Session Authorization Policy Element

RFC 3313
Jan. 2003
SIP Extensions for Media Authorization

RFC 3261
Jun. 2002
SIP: Session Initiation Protocol

RFC 3084
March 2001
COPS Usage for Policy Provisioning (COPS-PR)
3GPP/IMS PDF, PCMM

RFC 2753
Jan. 2000
A Framework for Policy-based Admission Control
3GPP/IMS PDF, PCMM

RFC 2475
Dec. 1998
An Architecture for Differentiated Service

RFC 2327
April 1998
SDP: Session Description Protocol

IETF의Policy 기반QoS 제공구조

25
11. Authorization
Profile (Negotiated SDP, Endpoint,…)
13. Authorization
Token .
RFC 3313 SIP Extensions for Media Authorization
UAC
OP
DP
PDP-T
ER-O
PDP-O
RSVP Core
PEP
1.INVITE (SDP)
3. INVITE (SDP)
10. 18x message
(negotiated SDP parameters)
8. INVITE (SDP+Auth.Token .)
9. 18x  message
(negotiated SDP parameters)
14. 18x message (negotiated SDP parameters+Auth.Token.)
Application Layer Signaling (SIP) and Authorize QoS Resource
UAS
ER-O
PEP
2. Client Authentication
and Call Authorization
4. Proxy Authentication
and Call Authorization
5. Authorization
Profile
6. Authorize QoS Resource
Authorized Media Description: Authorization Token .을Local store에저장
7. Authorization
Token .
12. Authorize QoS Resource
Authorized Media Description: Authorization Token .을Local store에저장

26
RFC 3313 SIP Extensions for Media Authorization
UAC
OP
DP
PDP-T
ER-O
PDP-O
RSVP Core
Resource Reservation
UAS
ER-O
17. Using the Auth-Token and Authorized Profile that is set by SIP Proxy the PDP makes the decision
15. RSVP-PATH
(TSpec, Token .)
16. COPS-REQ: Authorization Check
(Token ., Flow Descriptor)
18. COPS-DEC:
“install”Decision
19. RSVP-PATH
(TSpec)
20. RSVP-PATH
(TSpec)
21. RSVP-PATH
(TSpec)
22. RSVP-RESV (.)
23. COPS-REQ: Authorization Check
(Token ., Flow Descriptor)
25. COPS-DEC:
“install”Decision
26. RSVP-RESV
27. RSVP-RESV
24. Using the Auth-Token and Authorized Profile that is set by SIP Proxy the PDP makes the decision
28. RSVP-RESV
UAC-to-UAS 방향의Resource Reservation

27
RFC 3313 SIP Extensions for Media Authorization
Resource Reservation
UAS
OP
DP
PDP-T
ER-O
PDP-O
RSVP Core
UAC
ER-O
17. Using the Auth-Token and Authorized Profile that is set by SIP Proxy the PDP makes the decision
15. RSVP-PATH
(TSpec, Token .)
16. COPS-REQ: Authorization Check
(Token ., Flow Descriptor)
18. COPS-DEC:
“install”Decision
19. RSVP-PATH
(TSpec)
20. RSVP-PATH
(TSpec)
21. RSVP-PATH
(TSpec)
22. RSVP-RESV (.)
23. COPS-REQ: Authorization Check
(Token ., Flow Descriptor)
25. COPS-DEC:
“install”Decision
26. RSVP-RESV
27. RSVP-RESV
24. Using the Auth-Token and Authorized Profile that is set by SIP Proxy the PDP makes the decision
28. RSVP-RESV
UAS-to-UAC 방향의Resource Reservation

28
RFC 3521 Framework for Session Set-up with Media Authorization: One Policy Server
SIP Proxy
PEP
SMS(Session Management Server)
SCD (Service Control Domain)
RSVP Agent
PEP
Edge Router
RCD (Resource Control Domain)
PDP
Policy Server
RSVP Client
End Host
SIP User Agent
1. Service Request
(SIP INVITE)
2. Policy Decision Request for Media Authorization (COPS REQ)
3. Policy Decision
(COPS DEC with Media Authorization Token)
4. 183 (description of negotiated media, Token)
5. Resource Reservation Request (RSVP PATH with QoS parameters +  Token)
6. Policy Decision Request for Resource Reservation Request Authorization (COPS REQ with Token)
7. Policy Decision
(COPS DEC)
8. RSVP RESV
SMS는INVITE를보낸End host를Authentication한후에Policy Decision Request를PS보낼수도있다.
PS가end host가요청한media parameter를수정할수도있다.
PS는Token을체크하여End Host로부터전달되어온Reservation Request를Authorization해준다. (BW잡아라)
BW잡음
ER는PS로부터Resource Reservation Request에대한Authorization을받으면RSVP RESV를보내End Host와ER간에Resource를Reservation하도록허락해준다.
Token은이Flow(session)에대해서는SCD에서Authorization을받은거고, Network (RCD)에서는이Token을가진Flow가요청하는대로Network Resource(QoS, BW,…)를주어라는의미
(Token안에Flow ID가있을것으로보임: )
Service/subscriber에대한Authentication과Media Authorization을받음
INVITE sip:son@netmanias.comSIP/2.0
…
Content-Type: application/sdp
Content-Length: 540
v=0
o=IL0015ANNIEBP04 0 0 IN IP4 135.185.13.175
s=session
c=IN IP4 135.185.13.175
b=CT:1000
t=0 0
m=audio 51306 RTP/AVP 4
a=rtpmap:4 G723/8000
m=video 7834 RTP/AVP 34
a=rtpmap:34 H263/90000
a=sendonly

29
RFC 3521 Framework for Session Set-up with Media Authorization: Two Policy Server
SIP Proxy
PEP
SMS(Session Management Server)
SCD (Service Control Domain)
RSVP Agent
PEP
Edge Router
RCD (Resource Control Domain)
RSVP Client
End Host
SIP User Agent
1. Service Request
(SIP INVITE)
2. Policy Decision Request for Media Authorization (COPS REQ)
3. Policy Decision
(COPS DEC with Media Authorization Token)
4. 183 (description of negotiated media, Token)
5. Resource Reservation Request (RSVP PATH with QoS parameters +  Token)
6. Policy Decision Request for Resource Reservation Request Authorization (COPS REQ with Token)
9. Policy Decision
(COPS DEC)
Policy 내용?
10. RSVP RESV
SMS는INVITE를보낸End host를Authentication한후에Policy Decision Request를PS보낼수도있다.
PS가end host가요청한media parameter를수정할수도있다.
PS는Token을체크하여End Host로부터전달되어온Reservation Request를Authorization해준다. (BW잡아라)
BW잡음
ER는PS로부터Resource Reservation Request에대한Authorization을받으면RSVP RESV를보내End Host와ER간에Resource를Reservation하도록허락해준다.
Token은이Flow(session)에대해서는SCD에서Authorization을받은거고, Network (RCD)에서는이Token을가진Flow가요청하는대로Network Resource(QoS, BW,…)를주어라는의미
(Token안에Flow ID가있을것으로보임: )
Service/subscriber에대한Authentication과Media Authorization을받음
INVITE sip:son@netmanias.comSIP/2.0
…
Content-Type: application/sdp
Content-Length: 540
v=0
o=IL0015ANNIEBP04 0 0 IN IP4 135.185.13.175
s=session
c=IN IP4 135.185.13.175
b=CT:1000
t=0 0
m=audio 51306 RTP/AVP 4
a=rtpmap:4 G723/8000
m=video 7834 RTP/AVP 34
a=rtpmap:34 H263/90000
a=sendonly
PDP
Policy Server
PDP
Policy Server
7. Policy Decision Request for Resource Reservation Request Authorization (Token)
8. Policy Decision

30
Document
Data
Title

3GPP TS 23.207 V5.9.0
2004-03
E2E QoS concept and architecture (Release 5)

3GPP TS 24.228 V5.11.0
2005-01
Signalling flows for the IP multimedia call control based on Session Initiation Protocol (SIP) and Session Description Protocol (SDP); Stage 3 (Release 5)

3GPP TS 23.228 V6.9.0
2005-03
IP Multimedia Subsystem (IMS); Stage 2 (Release 6)

3GPP TS 23.207 V6.4.0
2004-09
E2E QoS concept and architecture (Release 6)

3GPP TS 29.208 V6.2.1
2005-01
End-to-end Quality of Service (QoS) signalling flows (Release 6)

3GPP TS 29.209 V6.1.0
2004-12
Policy control over Gq interface (Release 6)

3GPP TS 29.207 V6.1.0
2004-09
Policy control over Go interface (Release 6)

3GPP TS 23.802 V0.4.0
2005-02
Architectural enhancements for end-to-end Quality of Service (QoS) (Release x)

3GPP에서Policy 기반QoS 제공구조

31
Description of Functions (5.1.1)
E2E QoS concept and architecture (Release 6), 3GPP TS23.207 v6.4.0(2004-09)
Gq
IP BS Manager
Translation/
Mapping Function
UMTS BS Manager
UMTS BS Manager
Adm/Cap.
control
UMTS BS Manager
Translation/
Mapping Function
IP BS Manager
Adm/Cap.
control
CN BS Manager
BB NS Manager
CN BS Manager
BB NS Manager
Iu BS Manager
Iu NS Manager
Iu BS Manager
Iu NS Manager
RAB Manager
Radio BS Manager
UTRA ph. BS Manager
Radio BS Manager
UTRA ph. BS Manager
Adm/Cap.
control
Adm/Cap.
control
Subsc.
control
PDF
AF
Go
External
Service
Control
UE
UTRAN
CN EDGE
Gateway
External IP
Network
.DiffServ Edge function
.RSVP (option)
.IP PEP
.DiffServ Edge function (option)
.RSVP (option)
.IP PEP (option)
A-QoS parameter →PDP context parameters
A-QoS parameter → IP layer parameters (e.g. RSVP)
IP QoS parameters to UMTS QoS parameter
PDF에서결정한Policy Decision을GGSN의IP BS Manager에게전달하기위한Interface
PDF는AF로부터Policy set-up information을받으면이를IP QoS parameter로mapping한다.
Policy set-up information
AF는A-QoS parameter (e.g. SDP)를Policy set-up information으로매핑하여PDF로보낸다.
Policy Decision
(IP QoS parameters)
IP PEP
EF queue

32
Signalling Flows for IMS: (1) AuthorizeQoS resources
SGSN
GGSN
PDF
P-CSCF
AF
UE
SGSN
GGSN
PDF
P-CSCF
AF
UE
Backbone IP Network
1.INVITE (SDP)
2. INVITE (SDP)
11. 183 Session progress (negotiated SDP parameters)
5. Token
6. INVITE (SDP+Token)
7. 183 Session progress
(negotiated SDP parameters)
10. Authorize QoS resource
3. Request
Authorization Token
8
4. generate Token
9. Authorize QoS resource
12. Authorization
Request
13. Token generation &
Authorize QoS resource
14. Token
15. 183 Session progress (negotiated SDP parameters + Token)
End-to-end Quality of Service (QoS) signalling flows(Release 6)Annex B, 3GPP TS 29.208 V6.2.1 (2005-01)
Mapping SIP Flow Id and Authorization Token
SBLP
SBLP
An example SDP description from the session originator in the SIP INVITE message:v=0o=hshieh2890844526 2890842807 IN IP4 saturn.attws.coms=-c=IN IP4 192.141.10.188t=0 0b=AS:64m=audio 29170 RTP/AVP 3 96 97a=rtpmap:96 G726-32/8000a=rtpmap:97 AMRa=fmtp:97 mode-set=0,2,5,7; maxframes=2 m=video 51372 RTP/AVP 34a=fmtp34 SQCIF=2/MaxBitRate=500/SAC APm=application 32416 udptext_chat
The called party answers the call and returns the following SDP description in the SIP 183 message:v=0o=johndoe2890844526 2890842807 IN IP4 uranus.solar.coms=-c=IN IP4 204.142.180.111t=0 0b=AS:64m=audio 31160 RTP/AVP 3 97a=rtpmap:97 AMRa=fmtp:97 mode-set=0,2,5,7; maxframes=2a=recvonlym=video 61000 RTP/AVP 31a=fmtp34 SQCIF=2/MaxBitRate=500/SAC APm=application 33020 udptext_chata=sendonly
E2E QoS concept and architecture (Release 6) Annex C, 3GPP TS23.207 v6.4.0(2004-09)

33
Signalling Flows for IMS: (2) Resource reservation flow with Service-based local policy
End-to-end Quality of Service (QoS) signalling flows(Release 6)Annex B, 3GPP TS 29.208 V6.2.1 (2005-01)
SGSN
GGSN
PDF
AF
Backbone IP Network
1.PRACK*
2. PRACK
5. 200 OK (PRACK)
4. 200 OK (PRACK)
6.200 OK (PRACK)
SBLP
1. Mapping SDI parameters
to UMTS QoS
3. PRACK
2. PDP context activate request
(Binding information)
3. Create PDP context request
AF
UE
P-CSCF
P-CSCF
4. COPS REQ (Binding information: Token+Flow Id)
5. The PDF performs
the authorizationdecision
6. COPS DEC message
(Policy information)
8. COPS RPT
7.Policy Enforcement
9. Create PDP context response
10. PDP context activate response
EF
5-tuple
SGSN
GGSN
PDF
SBLP
1. Mapping SDI parameters
to UMTS QoS
2. PDP context activate request
(Binding information)
3. Create PDP context request
UE
5. The PDF performs
the authorizationdecision
6. COPS DEC message
(Policy information)
8. COPS RPT
9. Create PDP context response
10. PDP context activate response
EF
5-tuple
* UE#1 determines which media flows should be used for this session, and which codecs should be used for each of those media flows.
(3GPP TS 24.228 V5.11.0)
4. COPS REQ (Binding information: Token+Flow Id)
7.Policy Enforcement

34
Signalling Flows for IMS: (3) Approval of QoS commit
End-to-end Quality of Service (QoS) signalling flows(Release 6)Annex B, 3GPP TS 29.208 V6.2.1 (2005-01)
SGSN
SGSN
AF
UE
Backbone IP Network
7. 200 OK (INVITE)
1. 200 OK (INVITE)
13.200 OK (INVITE)
SBLP
SBLP
AF
UE
UPDATE
200 OK(UPDATE)
180 Ringing
PRACK
200 OK(PRACK)
2. Diameter AAR (Request Open gate)
3. COPS DEC (Open gate)
4. GGSN opens Gate
5. COPS RPT
6. Diameter AAA
GGSN
PDF
P-CSCF
8. Diameter AAR (Request Open gate)
9. COPS DEC
(Open gate)
10. GGSN opens Gate
11. COPS RPT
12. Diameter AAA
GGSN
PDF
P-CSCF
Policy
Policy

35
BCF (Bearer Control Function)Architectural enhancements for end-to-end Quality of Service (QoS)(Release x), 3GPP TS23.802 V0.4.0 (2005-02)
UE served by IMS connects to peer UE via a backbone IP network with off-path QoS signaling. This signalling is transferred between policy decision points, i.e. between PDF and BCF. The backbone IP network is an abstraction that represents the set of inter-connecting network administrative domains between two IMS systems.
BCF performs QoS management within the backbone IP network. Gu interface is defined as the interface between the PDF in IMS and BCF in the backbone IP network.
SGSN
GGSN
PDF
SGSN
GGSN
PDF
AF
UE
Backbone IP Network
1.PRACK
2. PRACK
5. 200 OK (PRACK)
4. 200 OK (PRACK)
6.200 OK (PRACK)
SBLP
SBLP
7. Mapping SDI parameters
to UMTS QoS
3. PRACK
8. PDP context activate request
(Binding information)
9. Create PDP context request
AF
UE
P-CSCF
P-CSCF
10. COPS REQ (Binding information: Token+Flow Id)
11. Authorize QoS resource (Token, Flow Id)
14. COPS DEC message
(Policy information)
16. COPS RPT
15.Policy Enforcement
17. Create PDP context response
18. PDP context activate response
EF
5-tuple
BCF
12. Gu bearer resource request (service information: session Id, 5-tuple, direction (bi-directional, uplink, downlink), max/min BW)
13. Gu bearer resource allocation ack
Signalling Flows for IMS: (2) Resource reservation flow with Service-based local policy
DiffServ Edge

36
FGNGN-OD-00128: Revision 4 of TR-RACFFigure 7:  Resource and Admission Control functional architecture in NGN
R-BGF
Access Transport
Core Transport
SCF
CPN
A-BGF
SCPF
SCF (Service Control Functions)
RACF
Other NGNs
ANF
ENF
C-TRCF
A-TRCF
Re
Rc
Re
Go’
Rc
Rc
I-TRCF
Go’
Rq
Rq
Rq
Gq’
Gq’
Ub
Rq
X?
Transport Stratum
Service Stratum
IBCF
I-BGF
PDF
NAAF
IP Address Allocation
Authentication
Authorization
Access Net. Config.
Location Management
R-BGF: Residential Border Gateway Functional entity
CPN: Customer Premises Network
ANF: Access Node Functional entity
ENF: Edge Node Functional entity
SCPF: Session Control Proxy Functional entity
SCF: Session Control Functional entity
NAAF: Network Access Attachment Functions
IBCF: Interconnection Border Control Functional entity
M-PDF: Mediation Policy Decision Functional entity
I-PDF: Interconnection Policy Decision Functional entity
A-TRCF: Access Transport Resource Control Functional entity
C-TRCF: Core Transport Resource Control Functional entity
I-TRCF: Interconnection Transport Resource Control Functional entity
A-BGF: Access Border Gateway Functional entity
I-BGF: Interconnection Border Gateway Functional entity

37
FGNGN-OD-00128: Revision 4 of TR-RACSAppendix II: Scenarios for QoS control procedure
Access Transport
Core Transport
SCF
CPN
A-BGF
SCPF
SCF (Service Control Functions)
RACF
Other NGNs
ANF
ENF
Re
Rc
Go’
Rc
I-TRCF
Go’
Rq
Rq
Rq
Gq’
Gq’
Ub
Rq
X?
Transport Stratum
Service Stratum
IBCF
I-BGF
PDF
NAAF
IP Address Allocation
Authentication
Authorization
Access Net. Config.
Location Management
2.QoS Request
(service description information)
4. Resource Request
(explicit IP QoS parameter)
3. Resource Request
(explicit IP QoS parameter)
5. Authorization and Resource Availability Check
6. Authorization and Resource Availability Check
7. Policy Push
(5-tuple, packet filtering, packet marking
Traffic policing/Traffic shaping)
8. Policy Push
(5-tuple, packet filtering, packet marking
Traffic policing/Traffic shaping)
Scenario 1: QoS request is initiated by Application Function, and then TRCF requests network resource reservation
A-TRCF
C-TRCF
.
.
NTRD
NTRD
1. Service Request
(SIP INVITE)
R-BGF
PDF는service description information으로부터IP QoS requirement parameter (BW, delay, jitter, loss etc.)를결정한다.
5. A-TRCF는NAAF의user profile과operator specific policy rule과요청된IP QoS를보장해줄resource availability을토대로Authorization
6. C-TRCF는NAAF의user profile과operator specific policy rule과요청된IP QoS를보장해줄resource availability을토대로Authorization
AF는NAAF의user profile로부터Service description information을결정함.
(Authorization Request & Resource Request임)

38
FGNGN-OD-00128: Revision 4 of TR-RACSAppendix II: Scenarios for QoS control procedure
Access Transport
Core Transport
SCF
CPN
A-BGF
SCPF
SCF (Service Control Functions)
RACF
Other NGNs
ANF
ENF
Re
Rc
Go’
Rc
I-TRCF
Go’
Rq
Rq
Gq’
Gq’
Ub
Rq
X?
Transport Stratum
Service Stratum
IBCF
I-BGF
NAAF
IP Address Allocation
Authentication
Authorization
Access Net. Config.
Location Management
2.QoS Request
(service description information)
3. Resource Request
(explicit IP QoS parameter)
5. Authorization and Resource Availability Check
7. Authorization and Resource Availability Check
6. Policy Push
(5-tuple, packet filtering, packet marking
Traffic policing/Traffic shaping)
8. Policy Push
(5-tuple, packet filtering, packet marking
Traffic policing/Traffic shaping)
Scenario 2: QoS request is initiated by Application Function and IP QoS signaling is used to invoke resource control between A-TRCF and T-TRCF
4. BB간Resource Request
(explicit IP QoS parameter)
A-TRCF
C-TRCF
PDF
.
NTRD
.
NTRD
1. Service Request
(SIP INVITE)
R-BGF
(Authorization Request & Resource Request임)
PDF는service description information으로부터IP QoS requirement parameter (BW, delay, jitter, loss etc.)를결정한다.
5. A-TRCF는NAAF의user profile과operator specific policy rule과요청된IP QoS를보장해줄resource availability을토대로Authorization
7. C-TRCF는NAAF의user profile과operator specific policy rule과요청된IP QoS를보장해줄resource availability을토대로Authorization
AF는NAAF의user profile로부터Service description information을결정함.

39
FGNGN-OD-00128: Revision 4 of TR-RACSAppendix II: Scenarios for QoS control procedure
Core Transport
SCF
CPN
A-BGF
SCPF
SCF (Service Control Functions)
RACF
Other NGNs
ANF
ENF
Re
Rc
Go’
Rc
I-TRCF
Go’
Rq
Rq
Rq
Gq’
Gq’
Ub
Rq
X?
Transport Stratum
Service Stratum
IBCF
I-BGF
PDF
NAAF
IP Address Allocation
Authentication
Authorization
Access Net. Config.
Location Management
2.QoS Request
(service description information)
3. Resource Request
(explicit IP QoS parameter)
6. ANF initiate path-coupled IP QoS signaling
(e.g. ATM QoS signaling)
5. Policy
(5-tuple, packet filtering, packet marking
Traffic policing/Traffic shaping)
4. Authorization and Resource Availability Check
A-TRCF
Scenario 3: QoS request is initiated by Application Function and IP QoS signaling is used to invoke resource control between A-Transport Functions and C-Transport Functions
C-TRCF
.
NTRD
1. Service Request
(SIP INVITE)
R-BGF
PDF는service description information으로부터IP QoS requirement parameter (BW, delay, jitter, loss etc.)를결정한다.
4. A-TRCF는NAAF의user profile과operator specific policy rule과요청된IP QoS를보장해줄resource availability을토대로Authorization
AF는NAAF의user profile로부터Service description information을결정함.

40
FGNGN-OD-00128: Revision 4 of TR-RACSAppendix II: Scenarios for QoS control procedure
Access Transport
Core Transport
SCF
CPN
A-BGF
SCPF
SCF (Service Control Functions)
RACF
Other NGNs
ANF
ENF
Re
Rc
Go’
Rc
I-TRCF
Go’
Rq
Rq
Rq
Gq’
Gq’
Rq
X?
Transport Stratum
Service Stratum
IBCF
I-BGF
PDF
NAAF
IP Address Allocation
Authentication
Authorization
Access Net. Config.
Location Management
1. Service Request
(SIP INVITE)
2.QoS Request
(service description information)
A-TRCF
C-TRCF
Scenario 4: QoS request is initiated to the Transport Functions by CPE through path-coupled Access IP QoS signalling
4. Authorization Token (.)
3. QoS Authorization (and Resource Availability Check?)
R-BGF
5. Authorization Token (.)
.Authorization Token
AF는service description information으로부터IP QoS requirement parameter (BW, delay, jitter, loss etc.)를결정하거나Service Request에포함되어있으면추출한다.
PDF는NAAF의user profile과operator specific policy rule과요청된IP QoS를보장해줄resource availability을토대로Authorization (밑줄은IP core망에서의Resource임)

41
FGNGN-OD-00128: Revision 4 of TR-RACSAppendix II: Scenarios for QoS control procedure
Access Transport
Core Transport
SCF
CPN
SCPF
SCF (Service Control Functions)
RACF
Other NGNs
ANF
ENF
Re
Rc
Go’
Rc
I-TRCF
Go’
Rq
Rq
Rq
Gq’
Gq’
Rq
X?
Transport Stratum
Service Stratum
IBCF
I-BGF
NAAF
IP Address Allocation
Authentication
Authorization
Access Net. Config.
Location Management
A-TRCF
C-TRCF
Scenario 4: QoS request is initiated to the Transport Functions by CPE through path-coupled Access IP QoS signalling
R-BGF
6. QoS Request (.)
CPE initiate an explicit QoS Request directly to Access Transport Function through path-coupled Access IP QoS signaling (PDP context signaling)
7. Admission
Request (Authorization token(.))
8. Policy
(Gate control, packet marking
Traffic policing/Traffic shaping)
A-BGF
PDF
.Authorization Token
이QoS Request에는Explicit  QoS requirement parameter와Authorization Token이포함됨.

42
HFC 망에서Policy 기반QoS 제공구조
.PacketCable1.5 Dynamic QoS (PKT-SP-DQOS1.5-l01-050128)
.PacketCableMultimedia (PKT-SP-MM-102-040930)
.PacketCableMultimedia Architecture Framework (PKT-TR-MM-ARCH-V01-030627)
.HFC MAC: DOCSIS

43
DOCSIS1.1
Data Plane (HFC)
DOCSIS1.1
Data Plane (HFC)
PacketCable 1.5 DQoS : Policy Push
E-MTA
RKS
1.INVITE (SDP)
4. INVITE (GateID)
5. 183 Session progress
(negotiated SDP parameters)
14. 183 Session progress (negotiated SDP parameters + GateID)
IP Backbone
1. Authorize QoS Resources
CMS
Gate Controller
E-MTA
CMTS
CMTS
2. Gate-Alloc
3. Gate-Alloc-ACK
(GateID)
6. Gate-Set
8. Gate-Set-ACK
2
3
6
8
9
10
11
13
9. Gate-Alloc
10.Gate-Alloc-ACK
(GateID)
11. Gate-Set
13. Gate-Set-ACK
12. QoS Resource Prepared
7. QoS Resource Prepared

44
PacketCable 1.5 DQoS : Policy Push
E-MTA
RKS
1. PRACK
2. PRACK
7. 200 OK (PRACK)
IP Backbone
2. Resoure Reservation flow
CMS
Gate Controller
E-MTA
CMTS
CMTS
8. 200 OK (PRACK)
DOCSIS1.1
9. DSA-REQ (GateID)
11. DSA-RSP
12. DSA-ACK
Data Plane (HFC)
DOCSIS1.1
Data Plane (HFC)
4. CMTS performs admission control decisions on incoming session requests.
10. CMTS performs admission control decisions on incoming session requests.
9. DSA-REQ 메시지를이용해QoS Resource reservation  요구가CMTS에게전달됨.
3. DSA-REQ 메시지를이용해QoS Resource reservation  요구가CMTS에게전달됨.
DOCSIS Service Flow Signaling
(DOCSIS DSx Messaging)
3. DSA-REQ (GateID)
5. DSA-RSP
6. DSA-ACK
DOCSIS Service Flow Signaling
(DOCSIS DSx Messaging)

45
PacketCable1.5 DQoS: Policy Push
E-MTA
RKS
1. 200 OK (INVITE)
IP Backbone
3. QoS Commit
CMS
Gate Controller
E-MTA
CMTS
CMTS
DOCSIS1.1
DSC-REQ (GateID)
DSC-RSP
DSC-ACK
Data Plane (HFC)
DOCSIS1.1
Data Plane (HFC)
DSC-REQ (GateID)
DSC-RSP
DSC-ACK
6. Gate-Open (COPS)
7. Gate-Open (COPS)
10. Gate-Open (COPS)
11. Gate-Open (COPS)
4. DOCSIS DSC signalling
3. 200 OK (INVITE)
Commit (GateID)
8. DOCSIS DSC signalling
2. Commit (GateID)
9. CMTS opens Gate
5. CMTS opens Gate

46
Proxied QoS with Policy Push (Scenario 1)
PS
AM
PEP
IP Network
Data Plane (HFC)
CM
DOCSIS1.1
1. Service Request (Application Layer Signaling)
2. Policy Request
(COPS: Gate-Set)
RKS
3. Policy Decision
4. Policy Set
(COPS: Gate-Set)
7. QoS Event (RADIUS)
5.3. DOCSIS Service Flow Signaling
(DOCSIS DSx Messaging)
CMTS
DSA-REQ
DSA-RSP
DSA-ACK
6. Policy Set ACK
(COPS: Gate-Set-Ack)
8. Policy Request ACK
(COPS: Gate-Set-Ack)
9. Policy Event
(RADIUS)
Client Type 1
10. Application Layer Signaling
5. CMTS가Policy Set (Gate-Set)을받으면
5.1 perform internal admission control on the requested QoS envelope (verifying that adequate resources are available to satisfy this request)
5.2 install the policy decision
5.3 establish the QoS using DOCSIS signaling
Client Type 1
QoS Signaling 능력이없는단말(예, PC)
Requested service의QoS parameter를결정
PDP

47
Example: VoD
PS
AM
PEP
IP Network
Data Plane (HFC)
CM
DOCSIS1.1
1. Service Request (Application Layer Signaling)
VoD웹서버에서Movie를클릭함.
2. Policy Request
(COPS: Gate-Set)
RKS
3. Policy Decision
4. Policy Set
(COPS: Gate-Set)
7. QoS Event (RADIUS)
5.3 DOCSIS Service Flow Signaling
(DOCSIS DSx Messaging)
CMTS
DSA-REQ
DSA-RSP
DSA-ACK
6. Policy Set ACK
(COPS: Gate-Set-Ack)
8. Policy Request ACK
(COPS: Gate-Set-Ack)
9. Policy Event
(RADIUS)
Client Type 1
10. Application Layer Signaling
Client Type 1
QoS Signaling 능력이없는단말(예, PC, STB)
Subscriber’s Internet Service Package
Upstream: 128Kbps
Downstream: 128Kbps
Requested service (Subscriber가선택한Movie)의QoS parameter (encoding rate=512Kbps)를AM이안다. Service Request에는QoS Parameter가없음)
Upstream: 128Kbps
Downstream: 128Kbps
Upstream: 128Kbps
Downstream: 512Kbps, EF
Before
After
MSO의VoD 웹서버
5. CMTS가Policy Set (Gate-Set)을받으면
5.1 perform internal admission control on the requested QoS envelope (verifying that adequate resources are available to satisfy this request)
5.2 install the policy decision
5.3 establish the QoS using DOCSIS signaling
PDP

48
Client-Requested QoS with Policy-Push (Scenario 2)
PS
AM
PEP
IP Network
Data Plane (HFC)
CM
DOCSIS1.1
1. Service Request (Application Layer Signaling)
2. Policy Request
(COPS: Gate-Set)
RKS
3. Policy Decision
4. Policy Set
(COPS: Gate-Set)
7. QoS Event (RADIUS)
CMTS
12. DOCSIS Service Flow Signaling
(DOCSIS DSx Messaging)
DSA-REQ
DSA-RSP
DSA-ACK
6. Policy Set ACK
(COPS: Gate-Set-Ack (GateID=Authorization Token))
8. Policy Request ACK
(COPS: Gate-Set-Ack (GateID=Authorization Token))
9. Policy Event
(RADIUS)
Client Type 2
10. Application Layer Signaling
(GateID=Authorization Token)
Client Type 2
QoS Signaling 능력이있는단말(DOCSIS DSxMessaging or RSVP+)
Requested service의QoS parameter를결정
11. RSVP-PATH (GateID=Authorization Token)
13. RSVP-RESV
AM이PS로Gate-Set을보내면PS는Policy Decision후에Gate-Set을CMTS로전달함.
GateID(Token)는CMTS에서자체할당하고Gate-Set-Ack를통해GateID를PS로전달하고PS는Gate-Set-Ack를통해AM으로전달함.
5. CMTS가Policy Set (Gate-Set)을받으면
5.1 perform internal admission control on the requested QoS envelope (verifying that adequate resources are available to satisfy this request)
5.2 install the policy decision
PDP

49
WG
Area
Leader(s)
Contact

Application WG
Application
Proof-of-Concept (POC)
Measurement & Analysis
Tom Tofigh
AT&T, USA
Howard Liu
Disney\'s New Technology and Development, USA
Diego Dugatkin
IXIA, USA

Marketing WG
Public Relations & Messaging
Mohamed Shakouri
Alvarion, Israel

Service Provider WG
Establish a platform for service provider
D. Chang
Aperto Netwotks, USA
N.K. Shankar
AT&T, USA

Technical WG
802.16-2004 Task Group
Mobile Task Group
OFDM Task Group
Gordon Antonello
Wi-LAN Inc., Canada
Wonil Rho
Samsung, Korea
Jon Labs
Wavesat Inc., Canada

Network WG
WiMAX Network Architecture
Prakash Iyer
Intel, USA
Max Riegel
Simens, Germany
Junhyuk Song
Samsung, Korea

Certification WG
Certification & Test
A. Agrawal
Beceem Communication, USA
E. Agis
Intel, USA

Regulatory WG
WiMAX spectrum
Requirements
M. LaBrecque
BT, UK

Ron Resnick
Chairman and President
Intel, USA

WiMAxForum Organization: QoS

50
WiMAX NWG: Network Reference Model
CSN in Home NSP
IP Network
R1
R5
R2
R2
CSN in visited NSP
R6
BS
ASN G/W
R7
EP
DP
R4
Other ASN
R8
Other BS
R3
ASN
ASP network
(or Internet)
ASP network
(or Internet)
Home NSP
Visited NSP
WiMax Access
SS/MSS
Control Plane
Bearer Plane
802.16e
R1 interface1.Air interface (PHY and MAC) specifications (IEEE P802.16e)
2.Additional management control( ??)
R2 interface1.Authentication (Device & User), Services Authorization
2.IP Host Configuration management
3.Mobility management.
R3 interface1.AAA, policy enforcement
2.Mobility management
3.Tunneling to transfer IP data between ASN and CSN.
R5 interface1.Internetworking between the CSN in the home NSP and CSN in visited NSP
R6 interface1.IP tunnel establishment, modification, and release control in accordance with the MS mobility events
2.Bearer traffic path between ASN G/W and BS
R4 interface1.MS mobility control between ASNs
R8 interface1.MS mobility control between BSs to ensure fast and seamless handover
R7 interface1.AAA and Policy coordination in the ASN gateway (Optional)
AF

51
WiMAX NWG: IP assignment(1) -allocated by visited NSP
Home CSN
IP Network
Visited CSN
BS
ASN G/W
ASN
Home NSP
Visited NSP
WiMax Access
SS/MSS
DHCP
Client
DHCP
Server
AAA
Proxy
AAA
Client
AAA
Proxy
AAA/EAP
Server
DHCP
Server
UserDB
(Credentials, Profiles, Policies)
0. Authentication and Authorization (based on EAP-over-PKMv2)
1. DHCP Discover
2. DHCP Discover(+Giaddr)
3. DHCP Offer (MSS ip addr)
4. DHCP Offer (MSS ip addr)
5. DHCP Request
6. DHCP Request
(+Giaddr)
7. DHCP Ack (MSS ip addr)
9. DHCP Ack (MSS ip addr)
DHCP Close Gate
8. DHCP Open Gate
0. Roaming agreement with Home NSP
DHCP
Relay
AF
UserDB

52
WiMAX NWG: IP assignment(2) -allocated by Home NSP
Home CSN
IP Network
Visited CSN
BS
ASN G/W
ASN
Home NSP
Visited NSP
WiMax Access
SS/MSS
DHCP
Client
DHCP
Server
AAA
Proxy
AAA
Client
AAA
Proxy
AAA/EAPServer
DHCP Server
User
DB
(Credentials, Profiles, Policies)
0. Authentication and Authorization (based on EAP-over-PKMv2)
1. DHCP Discover
2. DHCP Discover
(+Giaddr)
3. DHCP Offer (MSS ip addr)
4. DHCP Offer (MSS ip addr)
5. DHCP Request
6. DHCP Request(+Giaddr)
7. DHCP Ack (MSS ip addr)
9. DHCP Ack (MSS ip addr)
DHCP Close Gate
8. DHCP Open Gate
DHCP
Relay
AF

53
WiMAX NWG: QoS Architecture
Home CSN
IP Network
Visited CSN
BS
ASN G/W
ASN
Home NSP
Visited NSP
WiMax Access
SS/MSS
User
DB
(Credentials, Profiles, Policies)
AF
2. Service flow trigger for QoS
1. Application Layer service control
(Ex. SIP Invite, ..)
PF
Air Interface QoS Class(802.16e)
#NAME?
-rtPS (Real-time Polling Service)
#NAME?
-nrtPS (Non-real-time Polling Service)
#NAME?
LPD
LPF
SFA
CAC
LRI
SFM
SFM (Service Flow Module)
#NAME?
#NAME?
SFA (Service Flow Authorization)
#NAME?
#NAME?
#NAME?
(L2/L3 PEP 는spec. 의범주가아님. IP network의
QoS 정책에따라서변경될수있음)
??
LRI (Local Resource Info)
Resource Description →802.16e QoS parameters
??
LPD (Local Policy Data)
??
Admission control based on Radio resource and other local resource usage (Precise definition is left to implementations)

54
WiMAX NWG: QoS Service Flow(1) -Pre-provisioned Service flow
Home CSN
IP Network
BS
ASN G/W
ASN
Home NSP
Visited NSP
WiMax Access
SS/MSS
User
DB
(Credentials, Profiles, Policies)
AF
PF
LPD
LPF
SFA
CAC
LRI
SFM
AAA/EAP
Server
AAA
Client
Visited CSN
AAAProxy
AAA
Proxy
0. SS/MSS authentication
1. Notify  Authentication
Complete
2. LU-Request
4. RR-Request
(SS id, Flow id, Transaction id, Reservation action, Resource description, Media flow info, QoS priority)
3. LU-Response
5. Apply Local Policies
6. RR-Request
7. CAC
8. DSA-Request
9. DSA-Response
10.RR-Response
11. RR-Response

55
WiMAX NWG: QoS Service Flow(2) -Explicit initiated Service flow
Home CSN
IP Network
BS
ASN G/W
ASN
Home NSP
Visited NSP
WiMax Access
SS/MSS
User
DB
(Credentials, Profiles, Policies)
PF
LPD
LPF
SFA
CAC
LRI
SFM
AAA/EAP
Server
AAA
Client
Visited CSN
AAA
Proxy
AAAProxy
0. SS/MSS authentication
2. RR-Request
1. RR-Request
(App. id, Client id, Flow id, Transaction id, Reservation action, Resource description, Media flow info, QoS priority)
3. Apply Local Policies
4. RR-Request
5. CAC
6. DSA-Request
7. DSA-Response
8. RR-Response
9. RR-Response
QoS Trigger Type
1) SS/MSS initiated IEEE 802.11 signaling
2) SS/MSS initiated L3 on path QoS signaling .IP layer on-path QoS signaling (ex., RSVP)3)
3) AF trigger (ex., SIP proxy)
4) Administrative trigger (ex., NMS via SNMP)
0. Application Layer service control
(Ex. SIP Invite, ..)
AF

56
WiMAX NWG: QoS Service Flow(3) -Updating SFA location (Handover)
Home CSN
IP Network
BS
ASN G/W
ASN
Home NSP
Visited NSP
WiMax Access
SS/MSS
User
DB
(Credentials, Profiles, Policies)
AF
LPD
LPF
New SFA
CAC
LRI
SFM
AAA/EAP
Server
AAA
Client
Visited CSN
AAA
Proxy
AAA
Proxy
0. SS/MSS authentication
1. LU-Request
3. RR-Request
(SS id, Flow id, Transaction id, Reservation action, Resource description, Media flow info, QoS priority)
2. LU-Response
4. Apply Local Policies
5. RR-Request
6. CAC
7. DSA-Request
8. DSA-Response
9. RR-Response
10. RR-Response
PF

57
QoS (K)
alpine3808
BRAS (SER)
N-SW
DSLAM
4xG
12xG
100M/
200M
L3 SW
그림5 copy
그림5 copy
1107378_L1
videophone
2Wire_HomePortal_1100_Residential_Gateway_Routers_and_Bridges-resized200
그림11 copy
그림15
boa
그림5 copy
1G
HOME
RG
Shared IP Access Network
PE
PE
PE
PE
PE
PE
GW Router
Premium IP core
(IP/MPLS)
PE
BE IP Core
(KORNET)
4xG
4xG
GSR
그림4 copy
그림4 copy
그림4 copy
혜화
구로
10G
10G
MMoIP
그림10 copy
alpine3808
BRAS (SER)
N-SW
VDSL(L2)
4xG
12xG
100M/
200M
L3 SW
그림5 copy
그림5 copy
1107378_L1
videophone
2Wire_HomePortal_1100_Residential_Gateway_Routers_and_Bridges-resized200
그림11 copy
그림15
boa
그림5 copy
1G
HOME
RG
Shared IP Access Network
4xG
그림4 copy
그림4 copy
그림4 copy
MMoIP
그림10 copy
10G
SSW
QoS Manager (Global Coordination)
Access QoS Manager
Core QoS Manager
Access QoS Manager
5-tuple, service policy
CAC (Up)
5-tuple, service policy
CAC (Up)
CAC
PEP
PEP
CAC (Down)
CAC (down)
ESCP
CS
AC
CS
AC

58
QoS (K)
SER
N-SW
그림10 copy
L3 SW
WDM-PON system
RN
ONU
ONT
그림4 copy
OLT
FES+
그림3
L3 SW
그림4 copy
VDSL
그림5 copy
alpine3808
RAS
ACR
Wibro
Samsung%2520X100
PSTN
AGW
1107378_L1
STB
Soft-phone/PC
videophone
RG
SIP Phone
그림11 copy
그림15
boa
QoS Manager (Global Coordination)
Access QoS Manager
Core QoS Manager
Access QoS Manager
Public Internet
SER
N-SW
그림10 copy
L3 SW
WDM-PON system
RN
ONU
ONT
그림4 copy
OLT
FES+
그림3
L3 SW
그림4 copy
VDSL
그림5 copy
alpine3808
RAS
ACR
Wibro
Samsung%2520X100
AGW
1107378_L1
STB
Soft-phone/PC
videophone
RG
SIP Phone
그림11 copy
그림15
boa
BE IP Core
(KORNET)
Premium
IP core
blue drum
blue server
SSW
IP Media
1. SIP INVITE
2. QoS Reservation Request
3. Reservation Request
5. Reservation Request
5. Reservation Request
6. Topology based CAC
6. Topology based CAC
4. Reservation Request
7. QoS Reservation ACK
8. SIP INVITE
Octave SW

59
QoS (K)
SER
N-SW
그림10 copy
L3 SW
WDM-PON system
RN
ONU
ONT
그림4 copy
OLT
FES+
그림3
L3 SW
그림4 copy
VDSL
그림5 copy
alpine3808
RAS
ACR
Wibro
Samsung%2520X100
PSTN
AGW
1107378_L1
STB
Soft-phone/PC
videophone
RG
SIP Phone
그림11 copy
그림15
boa
QoS Manager (Global Coordination)
Access QoS Manager
Core QoS Manager
Access QoS Manager
Public Internet
SER
N-SW
그림10 copy
L3 SW
WDM-PON system
RN
ONU
ONT
그림4 copy
OLT
FES+
그림3
L3 SW
그림4 copy
VDSL
그림5 copy
alpine3808
RAS
ACR
Wibro
Samsung%2520X100
AGW
1107378_L1
STB
Soft-phone/PC
videophone
RG
SIP Phone
그림11 copy
그림15
boa
BE IP Core
(KORNET)
Premium
IP core
blue drum
blue server
SSW
IP Media
14. 200 OK
10. QoS Commit Request
11. QoS Commit Request
11. Reservation Request
12. Policy PUSH (5-Tuple, QoS Parameters)
13. QoS Commit ACK
9. 200 OK
12. Policy PUSH (5-Tuple, QoS Parameters)
15. Conversation
Octave SW

60
SBC: Policy Configuration (Phase 2)
DSLAM
(FTTN)
SAIC
L2 SW (BSA)
CO
Internet
BRAS
(Edge Router화)
National Video Content Distribution Network
(IP Multicast)
PEP
7330
7450 ESS
7750 SR
SmartEdge_800_purple
GE
2Wire_HomePortal_1100_Residential_Gateway_Routers_and_Bridges-resized200
RG(L3)
STB
PC
GE
7750_red_sr12
7750_red_sr12
7750_red_sr12
7750_red_sr12
BSR
BSR
AAA
Server
IP-TV
VoIP
Internet
Home 1001
IP-TV
VoD
SSW
videophone
POTS
1107378_L1
그림11 copy
그림15
boa
DHCP snoop/relay
(Option82: VLAN ID)
DHCP proxy
DHCP discover (Option 60/61 = VoIP?)
DHCP offer
DHCP request
DHCP ack (10.20.192.10 for VoIP?)
STB (DHCP Client)
DHCP
PC (DHCP Client)
DHCP
DHCP Client
DHCP
Server
-5750
RB SMS1800
5750 SSC (Bridgewater)
Dynamic Policy Configuration
(= KT 싞인증and
DQP=5-Tuple/TuboButton)
DHCP/
option82
BSA1/VLAN 1001: 10.20.192.10
DHCP
Server
RADIUS
Server
Accounting
Per-subscriber, per-service accounting queueing and policing/shaping/filtering
VLAN
1001
VLAN
1400
Per-subscriber HIS shaping (PIR/CIR)
PDP
2Wire_HomePortal_1100_Residential_Gateway_Routers_and_Bridges-resized200
RG(L3)
STB
PC
Home 1400
videophone
POTS
1107378_L1
그림11 copy
그림15
boa
dslaccessnode1-s
VLAN 1400
VLAN 1001
7750_red_sr12
Voice VLAN
Video VLAN
Internet VLAN
Install Static ARP cache entry in BSR (user MAC/user IP)
(SecureARP)
Install anti-spoof rule per user
(IP Lease Table)
L3 (BSR)

61
End of Document