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LTE Charging I: Offline

Table of Contents 1. Introduction 2. Overview of Offline Charging 3. Offline Charging Procedure 4. Parameters for Charging Data Record (CDR) 5. Closing 1. Introduction In the previous PCC document [1], our main focus in discussing PCC rules was on QoS rules. Now, this document puts more focus on charging rules, specifically offline charging rules. In...

02/02/2015

111,910

Technical Documents

LTE Policy and Charging Control (PCC)

Table of Contents 1. Introduction 2. PCC Rules 3. PCC Procedures 4. How Policy Control Affects the Way IP Packet Flows are Handed 5. EPS Entity Information 6. Closing 1. Introduction To use LTE services, a user must purchase an LTE device, sign up for an account with his mobile operator, and then select the service types and plan he wants. Then, to...

08/22/2014

176,667

Technical Documents

EMM Procedure 10 & 11. Move to Another City and Attach

Table of Contents 1. Introduction 2. EMM Case 10. Move to Another City 3. EMM Case 11. Initial Attach in Another City 4. EPS Entity Information 5. Closing 1. Introduction UE attempts a handover or cell reselection when the received signal strength from its serving cell becomes weak as it moves. If there is no neighbor cell at all near the travelling UE,...

06/11/2014

100,659

Technical Documents

EMM Procedure 8 & 9. Handover and Cell Reselection with TAU

Table of Contents 1. Introduction 2. EMM Case 8. Handover with TAU 3. EMM Case 9. Cell Reselection without TAU 4. EPS Entity Information 5. Closing 1. Introduction When UE accesses the network, a group of Tracking Areas (TAs) is assigned by the network (MME) through the Tracking Area Identity (TAI) list. The UE then can move within these TAs without hav...

05/07/2014

118,378

Technical Documents

EMM Procedure 7. Cell Reselection without TAU

Table of Contents 1. Introduction 2. Cell Reselection: Required System Information and Criteria 2.1 Overview of Cell Reselection Procedure 2.2 System Information 2.3 Cell Reselection Criteria 3. Cell Reselection without TAU 4. EPS Entity Information: Before/After Cell Reselection without TAU 5. Closing 1. Introduction Through the three compa...

04/23/2014

111,007

Technical Documents

EMM Procedure 6. Handover without TAU - Part 3. S1 Handover

Table of Contents 1. Introduction 2. Concept of S1 Handover 2.1 S1 Protocol Stacks 2.2 S1AP Procedures and Messages Relating to Handover 2.3 S1 Handover Procedure at a Glance 2.4 UE State and Connection Information Before and After S1 handover 3. Procedure of S1 Handover 4. EPS Entity Information: Before/After S1 Handover 5. Closing 1. Intro...

04/08/2014

139,455

Technical Documents

EMM Procedure 6. Handover without TAU - Part 2. X2 Handover

Table of Contents 1. Introduction 2. Concept of X2 Handover 2.1 X2 Protocol Stacks 2.2 X2AP Functions 2.3 X2 Messages Relating to Mobility Management Function 2.4 X2 Handover Procedure at a Glance 2.5 UE State and Connection Information Before and After X3 handover 3. Procedure of X2 Handover 4. EPS Entity Information: Before/After X2 Handover 4.1 Before...

03/21/2014

143,623

Technical Documents

EMM Procedure 6. Handover without TAU - Part 1. Overview of LTE Handover

Table of Contents 1. Introduction 2. Overview of LTE Handover 2.1 Measurement 2.2 Handover Decision 2.3 Handover Prodedure 2.4 Handover Interruption Time 2.5 Mobility Robustness Optimization 3. Closing 1. Introduction This document describes the handover procedure defined as EMM Case 6 in our technical document, “Eleven EMM C...

03/06/2014

108,566

Technical Documents

EMM Procedure 5. Periodic TAU

Table of Contents 1. Introduction 2. Concept of Periodic TAU 3. Procedure of Periodic TAU 4. EPS Entity Information: Before/After Periodic TAU 4.1 Before Periodic TAU 4.2 After Periodic TAU 5. Closing 1. Introduction This document describes the periodic TAU (Tracking Area Update) procedure defined as EMM Case 5 in our technical document, “...

02/19/2014

122,130

Technical Documents

EMM Procedure 4. Service Request

Table of Contents 1. Introduction 2. Cases of Service Request 3. UE-triggered Service Request 4. Network-triggered Service Request 5. EPS Entity Information: Before/After Service Request 6. Closing 1. Introduction This document describes the service request procedure defined as EMM Case 4 in our technical document, “Eleven EMM Cases in an EMM Sce...

02/09/2014

175,672

Technical Documents

EMM Procedure 3. S1 Release

Table of Contents 1. Introduction 2. S1 Release due to User Inactivity 3. EPS Entity Information: Before/After S1 Release 3.1 Before S1 Release 3.2 After S1 Release 4. Closing 1. Introduction This document will describe procedures for releasing S1 connection when a UE becomes inactive, as in EMM Case 3 defined in our technical document, “Eleven...

01/25/2014

132,494

Technical Documents

GSMA RCS Blackbird Overview

Table of Contents 1. Introduction 2. Configuration Provisioning 3. Service Capability Discovery 4. One to One Chat 5. Group Chat 6. File Transfer 7. Geolocation Sharing 8. vCard Exchange 9. Contents Sharing 10. Integrated Messaging 11. IP Voice Call (Voice over Wi-Fi Call) 12. IP Video Call 13. Summary 1. Introductio...

01/22/2014

25,458

Technical Documents

Evolution of GSMA RCS standards

Table of Contents 1. Introduction 2. The advent of IP Messaging Service and evolution towards Converged IP 3. OTT vs Operators 4. Joyn 5. Adoption of CPM architecture in RCS 6. RCS r4 and RCSe merged into RCS r5.x 7. SIMPLE IM 2.0 8. CPM 2.0 9. RCS blackbird 10. Summary 1. Introduction When the GSM Association (GSMA) has specified th...

01/21/2014

31,443

Technical Documents

EMM Procedure 2. Detach

Table of Contents 1. Introduction 2. Cases of Detach 3. UE-initiated Detach 4. MME-initiated Detach 5. HSS-initiated Detach 6. EPS Entity Information: Before/After Detach 7. Closing 1. Introduction This document discusses detach procedures defined as EMM Case 2 in our previous document, “Eleven EMM Cases in an EMM Scenario”[1]. During th...

01/21/2014

187,044

Technical Documents

EMM Procedure 1. Initial Attach - Part 2. Call Flow of Initial Attach

Table of Contents 1. Introduction 2. Initial Attach Procedure 2.1 IMSI Acquisition 2.2 Authentication 2.3 NAS Security Setup 2.4 Location Update 2.5 EPS Session Establishment 3. EPS Entity Information 3.1 Before Initial Attach 3.2 After Initial Attach 4. Closing 1. Introduction N...

01/16/2014

466,766

Technical Documents

GSMA RCS Architecture

Table of Contents 1. Introduction 2. SIMPLE IM Architecture 3. CPM Architecture 4. RCS Architecture 5. Summary 1. Introduction GSMA Rich Communication Suite (RCS) was originally based on OMA SIMPLE IM architecture in the beginning, but adopted OMA Converged IP Messaging (CPM) architecture from RCS r4.0. While the RCS r4.0 was updated to RCS r5.0 and onwa...

01/15/2014

44,084

Technical Documents

EMM Procedure 1. Initial Attach - Part 1. Cases of Initial Attach

Table of Contents 1. Introduction 2. Cases of Initial Attach 2.1 Unknown UE 2.2 Known UE 3. Simplified Call Flow in Each Case 4. Closing 1. Introduction This document discusses initial attach, as defined as EMM Case 1 in our previous document, “Eleven EMM Cases in an EMM Scenario” [1]. During this phase, a user turns on hi...

12/26/2013

215,535

Technical Documents

NAT Behavior Discovery Using STUN (RFC 5780)

Our previous document described the NAT behavior discovery algorithms defined in RFC 3489. This document will explain what algorithms for discovering NAT behaviors are defined in RFC 5780. Again, to fully understand what's discussed below, we recommend you read the following posts first: 1. NAT Behavioral Requirements, as Defined by the IETF (RFC 4787) - Part 1. Mapping Behavior 2....

11/18/2013

40,937

Technical Documents

Understanding DHCP Proxy Agents and Security

Table of Contents I. Overview II. Introduction to DHCP Proxy Agents III. Basic Operations of DHCP Proxy Agents IV. Security Functios of DHCP Proxy Agents V. Summary and Closing Appendix A - Format of DHCP Messages in IP Address Allocation/Lease Procedure Appendix B - Format of DHCP Messages in IP Address Renewal Procedure Appendix C - Format of DHC...

11/07/2013

63,821

Technical Documents

Understanding DHCP Relay Agents

Table of Contents I. Overview II. Why are DHCP Relay Agents Needed in DHCP Operations ? III. Basic Operation of DHCP Relay Agents Appendix - Format of DHCP Messages in a Network with DHCP Relay Agents I. Overview This document provides a technical understanding of a DHCP relay agent that is required in a multi-subnet environment where a DHCP client...

11/05/2013

213,399

Technical Documents

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